Castle of the Knights of Saint John

Nestled on the picturesque Greek island of Kos, the Castle of the Knights of Saint John, often referred to as Kos Castle or Neratzia Castle, stands as a testament to the island's rich history and architectural prowess. Overlooking the serene harbor in Kos Town, this castle not only offers a deep dive into the past but also provides breathtaking views that captivate every visitor.

Historical Significance

The Knights of St. John's Reign

The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights of Rhodes, held dominion over the island from 1314 to 1522. Their influence is evident in the castle's robust structure, designed primarily to shield Kos from potential threats. The castle's construction began in earnest in 1436, marking the start of a new era for the island's defense mechanisms.

Ottoman Sieges and the Castle's Defense

The castle's strategic location, facing the Turkish coast, was pivotal in its role as a defensive fortress. In 1457, the Ottoman army, armed with 156 ships and a staggering 16,000 soldiers, laid siege to the castle. However, after a grueling 23-day standoff, the castle's defenses held strong, repelling the invaders. This victory further emphasized the castle's significance and led to reinforcements, including the addition of an inner enclosure. Despite the Ottoman Empire's eventual dominance in the region, the castle remained an unconquered bastion.

During the reign of the Knights, the island experienced a surge in maritime activities, including rhodes boat rental and gulet cruises rhodes, further enhancing its economic and strategic importance.

Architectural Marvels of the Castle

The Castle of the Knights of Saint John is not just a historical monument; it's an architectural masterpiece. Built using local stone and remnants of ancient edifices, the castle showcases the ingenious methods employed by its builders.

• The castle's walls are adorned with blazons, a testament to the knights who once guarded its precincts. These symbols of heraldry provide a glimpse into the castle's storied past.
• One of the most striking features is the Hellenistic frieze with masks and garlands, which decorates the main gate. This frieze, juxtaposed with the oblique basalt columns of the Carmadino gate, showcases the diverse architectural influences that have shaped the castle.
• The castle comprises two defensive precincts. The interior precinct, believed to have been constructed before the end of the 14th century, boasts a circular tower at each corner. In contrast, the exterior precinct, built between 1496-1514, features massive bastions, battlements, and gun ports, reflecting the evolving defensive strategies of the time.

Visiting the Castle Today

Stepping into the Castle of the Knights of Saint John is like taking a journey back in time. Dominating Kos Town's port, the castle stands as a sentinel, guarding the island's rich history.

• The entrance, located at Platia Platanou Square, welcomes visitors with the St. John coat of arms and fragments of a classical era frieze. This entrance leads to the castle's formidable outer walls, a reminder of its primary defensive role.
• Inside, the castle houses two fortification enclosures, complete with round towers, bastions, and gun sheds. These structures, combined with architectural components like columns, pediments, and inscription tablets, transport visitors to an era where knights roamed and battles raged.
• For those seeking a panoramic view, the castle does not disappoint. The top offers a 360-degree vista of the harbor, the town, and the shimmering sea stretching towards the Turkish coast. This view, a blend of nature and history, is a must-see for every visitor.

The Castle's Connection to Rhodes

The Castle of the Knights of Saint John, while primarily associated with the island of Kos, also has deep ties to the nearby island of Rhodes. During the reign of the Knights, maritime activities flourished in the region. The proximity of Kos to Rhodes made it a strategic point for naval expeditions, trade, and even leisurely voyages. The popularity of Rhodes as a destination for boat rentals and gulet cruises can still be felt today, echoing the maritime legacy of the Knights.