Rhodes Medieval City

Nestled on the island of Rhodes, the Medieval City stands as a testament to the rich tapestry of history, culture, and architecture that has shaped this region. As you wander through its cobbled streets, you're not just taking a stroll through a city; you're journeying through centuries of stories, battles, and civilizations. From the ancient Greeks to the Knights of St John and the Ottomans, each era has left its indelible mark on this UNESCO World Heritage site. Whether you're a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply a curious traveler, the Medieval City of Rhodes promises an experience like no other.

The Enchanting Medieval City of Rhodes

A Glimpse into its Rich History

The foundations of the Medieval City of Rhodes trace back to around 408 BC, established by the ancient Greeks. It was during this period that the island witnessed the rise of one of the Seven Wonders of the World - the statue of the Colossus of Rhodes. However, time has obscured this magnificent structure, leaving behind only tales of its grandeur.

In 1309, a significant transformation began. The Knights of the Order of St. John, having lost their stronghold in Palestine, sought refuge in Rhodes. They not only occupied the island but also reshaped the city into a fortified marvel, capable of withstanding formidable sieges. Their influence is evident in the city's architectural masterpieces, from the fortification walls to the grand inns representing the seven “tongues” or nationalities of the knights.

But the city's history doesn't end with the knights. In 1522, the Ottoman Empire's shadow fell upon Rhodes. Mosques rose, some churches fell, and the city's cultural landscape underwent another transformation. Yet, amidst these changes, the essence of the Medieval City remained, blending the old with the new and creating a mosaic of cultures and eras.

For those looking to delve deeper into the maritime adventures of this region, consider embarking on a Rhodes gulet cruise or exploring options to rent a boat in Rhodes. These experiences offer a unique perspective of the island's history from the azure waters of the Aegean Sea.

Architectural Marvels and Key Attractions

The Medieval City of Rhodes is a treasure trove of architectural wonders, each narrating a unique chapter of the island's history.

The High Town: A Testament to the Knights

• Street of the Knights: One of the most iconic streets in the city, it has been beautifully preserved, giving visitors a genuine feel of the medieval era. Lined with the inns of the seven “tongues” of the knights, it's a journey through time.
• Palace of the Grand Master: An architectural masterpiece, this fortified building served as the administrative center for the knights. Today, it stands as a luxurious museum, housing artifacts from various eras, from the Christian period to the Ottoman rule.
• Inn of Auvergne: Located close to the site of the Knights’ first hospice, its facade boasts the arms of Guy de Blanchefort, a Grand Master from the early 16th century.

The Lower Town: A Blend of Cultures

• Great Hospital: Situated on the south side of the Street of the Knights, this 15th-century structure is a testament to the charitable endeavors of the knights.
• Islamic Monuments: After the Ottoman conquest in 1522, several mosques and baths were established, adding a new dimension to the city's architectural landscape. Notable structures include the Mosque of Soliman and the Hafiz Ahmed Agha Library.
• Byzantine Churches: Despite the transformations over the centuries, the lower town still houses several churches of Byzantine origin, reflecting the city's Christian heritage.

The Legacy of the Knights of St John

The Knights of St John, also known as the Hospitaller Knights, played a pivotal role in shaping the destiny of Rhodes. Their legacy is evident in:

• Fortification Walls: These walls, partially built on Byzantine foundations, were continuously maintained and remodeled between the 14th and 16th centuries. They stand as a testament to the knights' architectural prowess and strategic acumen.
• Inns of the Tongues: Representing the seven nationalities of the knights, these inns are located along the Street of the Knights, each narrating its own story.
• Great Hospital: Beyond its architectural significance, this structure symbolizes the knights' commitment to charity and healthcare.

The Evolution of Rhodes: From Byzantine to Ottoman Era

The city's journey from the Byzantine to the Ottoman era is marked by a rich tapestry of cultural exchanges, conquests, and architectural innovations. Key highlights include:

• Byzantine Churches: Structures like the Church of the Virgin and the Church of St. George, which once served as theological schools during the Ottoman era.
• Ottoman Mosques: The Suleymaniye Mosque and the Sultan Mustafa Mosque stand as symbols of the Ottoman influence on the city.
• Public Buildings: Reflecting the city's evolution as a hub of commerce and administration, structures like the Court of Commerce and the Archbishop’s Palace were established.

Exploring Beyond the Walls: Additional Attractions

While the Medieval City of Rhodes is a marvel in itself, venturing beyond its walls reveals even more historical gems.

In the eastern part of the city lies La Juderia, or the Jewish Quarter. This area was once home to the Jewish diaspora of Rhodes. Among the notable structures here is the Kahal Shalom Synagogue, a testament to the rich Jewish heritage of the island.

Adjacent to the Jewish Quarter is the ancient port, now known as the port of Mandraki. Guarding the entrance to this port is the Fortress of Agios Nikolas. Two iconic statues of deer, the symbol of Rhodes, stand tall on columns at the entrance. Legend has it that deer were introduced to the island to combat a snake infestation, and in gratitude, these statues were erected.

A short distance from the city, approximately 3 km away, is the Acropolis of Rhodes. This archaeological site boasts several attractions:

• Temple of Athena Polias: A sanctuary dedicated to Athena, the goddess of wisdom and warfare.
• Stadium: An ancient Greek stadium where athletic competitions were held.
• Odeon: A small theater used for musical performances and poetry readings.
• Gymnasium: A place for physical training and intellectual pursuits.
• Temple of Apollo: A sacred site dedicated to Apollo, the god of music, arts, and prophecy.